What will our future homes look like?

How might AI and machine learning be used in future?

The IoT devices being deployed in homes today are generating massive datasets. Just one of our environmental sensors can produce more than 100,000 readings a year. The quantity of data they generate overall is so large that human analysis would be pretty much impossible, so you really do need the capabilities of AI and machine learning to analyse them. Where these technologies can help is by interpreting that data and then feeding that back as insights or information about the conditions within a property.

There is a lot of learning that can come from this. AI can look at millions of data points and spot trends. With damp and mould, we can look at environmental conditions within connected properties and see how those trends develop over time, and then use those patterns to identify other properties that are at risk – and even the level of risk for each home – before it gets to the point where damp and mould appear.

It becomes a more proactive system. By flagging problems early, you can take remedial or preventative action, or advise residents on how to change their behaviour to prevent damp and mould developing.

That’s also good news for the housing provider, because once damp and mould appear, it takes quite a lot of work and cost to fix them.

Are there other benefits that might arise from this kind of data analysis?

It can also be used to inform and shape legislation. We are lucky that there are excellent and comprehensive statistics around fire alarms and fire detection systems within properties, but that quality of data isn’t yet available around other areas such as indoor air quality or damp and mould.

The growing datasets will enable us to start sharing high-quality analysis on these issues, and hopefully that can be used to steer awareness and legislation.

We have recently shared some of the data from our connected carbon monoxide alarms, and that is providing insight that will hopefully be used to shape carbon monoxide legislation in future.

This data will also help manufacturers like us to design better products. We’re able to install hundreds of thousands of products in the field, in real-world environments. That gives us an excellent feedback loop on how those products are performing.

Physical hardware has a longer development period, but software and data are now integral parts of these systems, too, and they can move quite quickly. That means manufacturers will be able to implement positive changes much more quickly than in the past.

Michael Wright is a product development manager at Aico. He joined the firm in 2004 and has worked in roles including technical manager and marketing manager before taking up his current post.

He holds a degree in electrical and electronic engineering and is on the board of the Electrical Distributors’ Association, a data pool for the UK’s electrotechnical supply chain.

How will a home of the future function?

There are already lots of home-based systems out there that are based on connected devices – Alexa or Google Home, for example – and so I think the rate of development in this space will be very quick because there’s so much competition. I think that will carry on to the point where homes are connected by default.

At the moment, we’re seeing a continuous roll-out of installing connected devices and systems into properties, but that will become the default, rather than an add-on. Once it does, it is fundamental that those systems within each home are working together to provide a safer and healthier home.

That will provide a lot of scope for advanced automation. So if a fire alarm is activated, it could interconnect with a smart lighting system to illuminate an escape path. Or if a sensor detects poor air quality, then that could tell another system to turn on ventilation or an air-filtering system. The homes of the future will benefit from much more intelligent, proactive and interconnected systems like these.

What can housing providers do to prepare for these advances in technology?

The key is to maintain an awareness of emerging technologies, particularly as they are heading towards us at such a rapid pace. There is also learning to be had from other housing providers – so communicating with, and learning from, other organisations that have implemented new technologies is also a good idea. A lot of providers do already have innovation teams in place, which is great to see.

How can social landlords ensure they bring residents on board with these changes?

Engaging with residents is key, and good use of data should be part of this process. We did a study into the ethics of the IoT with the University of Bristol and it highlighted the importance of transparency around data, and about making that data available to residents so that they can see for themselves what these sensors and devices are monitoring.

We’ve had lots of positive resident feedback from our systems; from residents who understand what the technology is doing for them, and from those who are using the data to look after their own health and the health of their homes. People need to understand why a particular system is being installed in their property and what the benefits are – because if they don’t, it will become a barrier to the adoption of new technologies.

Will the increasing familiarity of smart devices help to address residents’ concerns about privacy?

Absolutely. A standard smartwatch monitors your heart rate and the number of steps you take, and it’s tracking that data all the time. Smart speakers have microphones that are on constantly. These devices are more and more widespread, and so people have a greater awareness of them. There is certainly more acceptance of sensor technology and connected devices in general.

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